![]() Finally, earthing and lightning prevention systems have been installed into the raft piling foundation. In addition, strain gauge instrumentation and load cells have been built-in to detect any changes in the soil and provide continuous readings about any environmental changes to the area around the foundations. Both piles and raft are supported with anti-corrosion technologies to preserve the steel reinforcement using a constant electric current system known as the Cathodic Protection. Raft is considered one of the world's largest one-piece reinforced steel foundations with thickness ranging between 4.5-5 meters. It took 12 months for the foundation work to finish, clearing the way for construction works to commence on site next week. Raft piling works for this tower have been completed. The project is scheduled for completion in December 2018. Kingdom Tower will boast the highest visitor viewing platform at a height of 630 meters. The tower cranes will erect and dismantle one another. To this end, the cranes will be positioned on the sky terrace of the building, or on various cantilever platforms mounted on the exterior. In order to reach the required heights, the Liebherr units will have to move upwards in several stages. The Liebherr 357 HC-l model has been selected to place the top on the building at a height of around 1,000 meters. The units will be anchored to the outside of the building, and will reach hook heights of approximately 400 meters. The 280 HC-L cranes will build Kingdom Tower's side wings. ![]() Liebherr will supply four of the six luffing jib cranes that are to be used during the building's construction. Operational support will be provided to the contractor via Liebherr Tower Crane Solutions. The required lifting capacities vary between 11 tonnes and 12 tonnes at a radius of 35 meters. ![]() Current plans involve jib lengths of between 40 meters and 45 meters. Four luffing jib cranes are to be used for the build: three Liebherr 280 HC-L 16/28 models, and one 357 HC-L 18/32 unit. German construction equipment manufacturer Liebherr has been awarded a contract to provide four tower cranes to facilitate construction on this scheme. Six cranes used to build the massive structure will withstand harsh meteorological conditions, especially winds. The tower uses tinted glass and takes advantage of new energy conservation technology that features a high-performance exterior wall system that will minimize energy consumption by reducing thermal loads. The tower will have 59 elevators, including four double decker and 2 triple-decker elevators. The largest floor in the tower is 85,000 m2 consisting of a car park to service 2200 cars. The actual tower starts at +20 metres above ground level, led there by a ramp and podium around the tower. The tower will comprise more than 500,000 m2 of floor space and feature a Four Seasons Hotel, Four Seasons furnished apartments, first-class office space and luxury condominiums. It’s a mixed-use development with 7 floors for offices, 7 floors for hotel, 11 floor of service apartments and different grades of housing all the way to the observatory tower. The tower is expected to have 252 floors with occupied floors being 167. ![]() A comprehensive pumping trial was required on site prior to the start of the project to optimize the concrete mixture, because the existing models were not reliable for the project's scale. A high-performance, self-compacting concrete (SCC) C85 is being used for the first and second construction phases up to a height of approximately 400 meters, while for the third phase, continuing on to 675 meters, a similar high-performance concrete will be used but with a lower compressive strength. ![]() For placing the concrete, Saudi Binladin Group is using five Schwing concrete placing booms (SPB), with three SPB 35 and two SPB 30 booms, for placing the mix up to a height of over 950 meters. As the project's height tests the limits of current pumping technology, a further concrete pump will be installed at a height of 400 meters to continue the transport of concrete up to the higher floors. Meanwhile, (4 Nos.) Schwing SP 8800 D stationary pumps with 450kW in engine power each and a maximum feed pressure of up to 243 bar are available for high-rise pumping of the concrete. The contractor is employing two dedicated on-site Stetter HN 3.0 batching plants to produce the concrete necessary for this mega project in order to avoid potential delays in concrete supply. It is understood that the main contractor, Saudi Binladin Group, is using Schwing Stetter equipment to provide the concrete for this tower, as it rises towards its eventual height of more than 1,000 meters. ![]()
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